Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yimathiriyeli eyenziwe ngempazamo eyaqalwa ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1930 ngelixa usokhemisti wayezama ukuphuhlisa uhlobo olutsha lwefriji esekwe kwi-perfluorethylene.
I-Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) yimathiriyeli eyenziwe ngempazamo eyaqalwa ekupheleni koo-1930 ngelixa usokhemisti wayezama ukuphuhlisa uhlobo olutsha lwefriji esekwe kwi-perfluorethylene.Kunokuba iphumelele i-chlorofluorocarbon, isazinzulu samangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba i-perfluorethylene esetyenzisiweyo kwinkqubo yasabela ngomxholo wentsimbi wesikhongozeli sayo kunye ne-polymerized phantsi koxinzelelo.Ngaphantsi kweshumi leminyaka kamva, le mathiriyeli intsha yayisasazwa kwinqanaba lezorhwebo kwaye ekugqibeleni yanikwa ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi phantsi kwegama elithi polymer®.Kuya kuba yiminye iminyaka engama-20 ngaphambi kokuba le nto ibethe i-pan yokuthosa kwaye yaziwa ngokuba yinto yokuqala yokugubungela i-cookware, nangona kunjalo.Enyanisweni, le nto yayisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo ekuqaleni.
Ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini, i-PTFE yasetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukubaleka kwezixhobo ze-radioactive kwiziko elimiselwe ukuvelisa ibhombu yeathom yokuqala e-US, injongo ebizwa ngokuba yiProjekthi yeManhattan.Eli ziko limele iqhekeza elinomtsalane lezindlu nezindlu ezingaphezulu kwe-2,000,000 yeenyawo (i-609,600 sq. yeemitha) apho kugcinwa khona i-uranium hexafluoride.Le nto ayiyona nje ityhefu eninzi kwaye idla ngokufanelekileyo ngokwayo, kodwa yenza igesi eyingozi eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hydrogen fluoride kubukho bamanzi okanye umphunga wamanzi.Ngesi sizathu, i-PTFE yasetyenziswa njengokwalekwa kofakelo lwemibhobho ukubenza ubungqina bokuvuza.
Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zokugquma kwesi sixhobo zenze ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwizinto zombane zifanelekile.Enye into, ayi-conductive, iyenza ixhathise kwiindawo eziphezulu zombane.Ikwamelana kakhulu namanzi, ubushushu, kunye nokudleka kweekhemikhali.Ngapha koko, iyaqhubeka isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izixhobo zelabhoratri kunye nezixhobo ezidibana ne-hydrofluoric acid, enokuthi ngenye indlela inyibilikise ezinye izinto, kunye neglasi.
I-PTFE ikwaneepropati eziphantsi kakhulu zokukhuhlana, ezibonakaliswa njenge-coefficient ekhuhlayo.Lo mlinganiselo unxulumene kwaye uyahluka ngokwemathiriyeli edityaniswe ukuvelisa okanye ukulinganisa ukukhuhlana.Ngokweeplastiki, ukukhuhlana ngokuqhelekileyo kujongwa ngokuchasene nentsimbi epholisiweyo.Ukubeka i-coefficient ephantsi yokukhuhlana kwe-PTFE kwimbono eyiyo, kuphela kwemathiriyeli yomphezulu eyenziweyo eyaziwayo apho iipadi zenzwane zegecko zisilela ukunamathela.Lo mgangatho uwenza afaneleke kwiindawo zokuvelisa ezifuna ukuxhathisa ukukhuhlana, njengeegiya kunye neebheringi zebhola.
Esi sixhobo ekugqibeleni saziswa kumakhaya aseMelika nguMarion Trozzolo, umseki weLabhoratri yePlastiki Fabricators.Ngelixa i-Trozzolo yayivelisa izixhobo zenzululwazi ezifakwe kwi-polymer® iminyaka emininzi, waphefumlelwa yinjineli yaseFransi eyafumanisa ukuba iyingubo engasebenziyo engasebenziyo kwizinto zakhe zokuloba kangangokuba kamva waphatha ngayo iimbiza kunye neepani zomfazi wakhe.Ngelixa olu vavanyo lwakhokelela ekuveliseni i-cookware eyaziwa ngokuba yiTefal (T-Fal®) eFransi phakathi kwe-1950s, i-Trozzolo yaba ngumvelisi wokuqala wase-US we-cookware ye-polymer®-coated.Enyanisweni, "I-Pan eyonwabileyo," eyasungulwa kwi-1961, yafumana indawo yokubaluleka kwembali kwi-Smithsonian Institute kunye neTrozzolo igama lokwahlula kwiHolo yePlastiki yodumo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-01-2020