Oku kulandelayo yimigaqo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule malunga ne-extrusion.Kufuneka bancede ukonga imali, bavelise iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kwaye basebenzise izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo.
1. Umgaqo womatshini.I-mechanics esisiseko ye-extrusion ilula-i-screw ijika kwi-barrel kwaye iqhube iplastiki phambili.I-screw ngenene yinqwelomoya etyekeleyo, okanye irampu, ejikelezwe kumbindi.Injongo kukuphindaphinda amandla ukuze ukuchasana okukhulu kunokoyiswa.Kwimeko ye-extruder, kukho ukuxhathisa okuthathu okunokoyiswa: ukuxutywa kwamasuntswana aqinileyo (ukutya) ngokuchasene nodonga lombhobho kunye nomnye kwiinguqu ezimbalwa zokuqala ze-screw (indawo yokutya);ukunamathela kwenyibiliki eludongeni lombhobho;kunye nokumelana nokuhamba ngaphakathi kwenyibilika njengoko iqhutyelwa phambili.
UMhlekazi uIsaac Newton wachaza-ukuthi ukuba into ayihambi kwicala elinikiweyo, amandla akuyo alungelelaniswa kwelo cala.I-screw ayihambi kwicala le-axial, nangona inokuthi ijike ngokukhawuleza kwicala elinqamlezayo elijikeleze i-circumference.Ke, amandla e-axial kwi-screw alungelelene, kwaye ukuba ityhala ngamandla amakhulu kwiplastiki enyibilikayo kufuneka ityhalele ngasemva kwinto ethile ngamandla alinganayo.Kule meko, ityhala kwibhere emva kokungenwa kwefidi ebizwa ngokuba yi-thrust bear.
Uninzi lwezikrufu ezilodwa zingumsonto ongasekunene, njengezikrufu kunye neebholiti ezisetyenziswa ekuchweleni nasematshinini.Bajika ngasemva, ukuba bajongwe ngasemva, njengoko bezama ukuzikrukra ngasemva bakhuphe umphanda.Kwezinye i-twin-screw extruders, izikrufu ezibini zijikela kwicala elichaseneyo kwi-barrel ephindwe kabini kunye ne-intermesh, ukuze enye ibe yesandla sasekunene kwaye enye isekhohlo.Kwezinye izikrufu ezidibanisa amawele, zombini izikrufu zijikela kwicala elinye kwaye ke kufuneka zibe nokuqhelaniswa okufanayo.Kuzo zonke iimeko, nangona kunjalo, kukho i-thrust bearings ukuthatha amandla abuyele umva, kwaye umgaqo kaNewton usasebenza.
2. Umgaqo we-thermal.Iiplastiki ezixutywayo zi-thermoplastics-ziyanyibilika xa zishushu kwaye zibe ziqinile kwakhona xa zipholile.Buvela phi ubushushu bokunyibilikisa iiplastiki?Isondlo sokufudumeza kwangaphambili kunye nomgqomo / izifudumezi zokufa zinokuba negalelo, kwaye zibalulekile ekuqaliseni, kodwa igalelo lamandla emoto - ubushushu obukhukhulayo obuveliswa ngaphakathi komphanda njengoko i-motor ijika isikrufu ngokuchasene nokumelana nokunyibilika kwe-viscous-ngoyena mthombo ubalulekileyo wobushushu. kuzo zonke ngaphandle kweenkqubo ezincinci kakhulu, izikrufu ezihamba ngokucothayo, iiplastiki ezinyibilikayo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, kunye ne-extrusion -coating applications.
Kuyo yonke eminye imisebenzi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izifudumezi ze-barrel azikho umthombo oyintloko wokushisa ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye ngoko ke zinempembelelo encinci kwi-extrusion kunokuba sinokulindela.Ubushushu bomgqomo obungasemva bunokuhlala bubalulekile kuba buchaphazela ukulunywa, okanye izinga lezinto eziqinileyo ezihambisa kwisondlo.Amaqondo obushushu entloko kunye nawokufa kufuneka aqhele ukuba kwindawo okanye kufutshane neqondo lobushushu elifunwayo lokunyibilika, ngaphandle kokuba asetyenziselwa injongo ethile efana neglosi, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, okanye ukulawula uxinzelelo.
3. Umgaqo wokunciphisa isantya.Kuninzi lwe-extruders, isantya se-screw sitshintshwa ngokuguqula isantya semoto.IiMoto zihlala zijika malunga ne-1750 rpm ngesantya esipheleleyo, kodwa oku kukhawuleza kakhulu kwisikrufu se-extruder.Ukuba ibijikwe ngokukhawuleza ngolo hlobo, ibinokuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi kakhulu, kwaye ixesha lokuhlala leplastiki liya kuba lifutshane kakhulu ukulungiselela ukunyibilika okufanayo, okuxutywe kakuhle.Umlinganiselo wokunciphisa oqhelekileyo uphakathi kwe-10:1 kunye ne-20:1.Inqanaba lokuqala linokusebenzisa iigiya okanye iseti yepulley, kodwa inqanaba lesibini lihlala lisebenzisa iigiya kwaye isikrufu sibekwe embindini wesixhobo sokugqibela, esikhulu.
Kwiimatshini ezimbalwa ezicothayo (ezifana namawele e-UPVC), kusenokubakho izigaba ezithathu zokunciphisa, kwaye isantya esiphezulu sinokuba sisezantsi njenge-30 rpm okanye ngaphantsi (kunye nomlinganiselo ukuya ku-60: 1).Kwelinye icala, amanye amawele amade kakhulu asetyenziselwa ukudityaniswa anokuqhuba kwi-600 rpm okanye ngaphezulu, ukuze umlinganiselo wokunciphisa ophantsi kakhulu uyafuneka, kunye nokupholisa okukhulu kakhulu.
Ngamanye amaxesha umlinganiselo wokunciphisa awuhambelani nomsebenzi-kukho amandla angasetyenziswanga-kwaye kunokwenzeka ukongeza isethi yeepulleys phakathi kwemoto kunye nenqanaba lokuqala lokunciphisa ukutshintsha isantya esiphezulu.Oku mhlawumbi kwandisa isantya se-screw ngaphaya kwemida yangaphambili okanye kunciphisa isantya esiphezulu ukuvumela inkqubo ukuba isebenze kwipesenti enkulu yeso santya siphezulu.Oku kwandisa amandla akhoyo, kunciphisa i-amperage, kwaye kuthintele iingxaki zemoto.Kuzo zombini iimeko, imveliso inokunyuswa, kuxhomekeke kwizinto kunye neemfuno zayo zokupholisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-04-2017