Fluoropolymer Monomer Synthesis: Tetrafluoroethylene;Hexafluoropropylene;Perfluoroalkyl Vinyl Ethers;Chlorotrifluoroethylene;Vinylidene Fluoride;Vinyl Fluoride.
Iipropati zeTetrafluoroethylene
I-Tetrafluoroethylene yigesi engenambala, engenavumba, engenancasa, engenatyhefu ebila kwi-76.3 C kwaye inyibilika kwi-142.5 C. Ubushushu obubalulekileyo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-TFE yi-33.3 C kunye ne-3.92 MPa.I-TFE igcinwa njengolwelo;uxinzelelo lomphunga kwi-20 C yi-1 MPa.Ukushisa kwayo kokubunjwa kubikwa ukuba yi-151.9 kcal / mole.I-Polymerization ye-TFE i-exothermic kakhulu kwaye ivelisa i-41.12 kcal / i-mole ebushushu ubungakanani obunokufaniswa nobushushu be-polymerization ye-vinyl chloride kunye ne-styrene, kwi-23-26 kcal / i-mole kunye ne-16.7 kcal / i-mole, ngokulandelanayo.
Ukugcinwa okukhuselekileyo kwe-TFE kufuna ukuba umxholo wayo we-oxygen ube ngaphantsi kwe-20 ppm.Ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo kufuneka kulawulwe ngexesha lokugcinwa kwalo.Ukwandisa iqondo lokushisa, ngokukodwa kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunokuqalisa ukuchithwa kweflagration ngokungabikho komoya (i-TFE ihlahlela kwi-carbon tetrafluoride).Phambi komoya okanye i-oksijini, i-TFE yenza imixube eqhumayo kuluhlu lwepesenti ye-molar ye-14-43%.Ukuchithwa komxube we-TFE kunye ne-oksijini kunokunyusa uxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kuma-100 amaxesha oxinzelelo lokuqala.
Iipropati zeHexafluoropropylene
I-Hexafluoropropylene i-gas engenambala, iphunga, ingenancasa, kunye ne-toxicity ephantsi, ebilisa kwi-29.4 C kwaye iqhwa kwi-156.2 C. Kwi-exposure yeeyure ze-4, i-concentration ye-3000 ppm ihambelana ne-LC50 kwiigundane.Ukushisa okubalulekileyo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-HFP yi-85 C kunye ne-3254 MPa.Ngokungafaniyo ne-TFE, i-HFP izinzile ngokugqithisileyo malunga ne-autopolymerization kwaye inokugcinwa kwimeko yolwelo ngaphandle kokongezwa kwe-telogen.HFP izinzile thermally ukuya 400e500 C. Malunga 600 C phantsi vacuum, iyabola kwaye ivelise octafluoro-2-butene (CF3CF¼CFCF3) kunye octa-fluoroisobutylene.
Iipropati zePerfluoroalkyl Vinyl Ethers
I-Perfluoroalkyl Vinyl ethers (PAVE) zenza udidi olubalulekileyo lweemonomers kuba ziyi-comonomers ezikhethiweyo "ukuguqulwa" kweempawu ze-homofluoropolymers ukongeza kusetyenziso olubanzi kwisakhiwo se-copolymers ye-TFE.Ububi beePAVE njengezilungisi ngaphezulu kwe-HFP luzinzo lwazo olumangalisayo lobushushu.Umzekelo obalulekileyo kwezorhwebo yi-per-fluoropropyl vinyl ether (PPVE).I-PPVE lulwelo olungenavumba, olungenambala kubushushu begumbi.Inokutsha ngokugqithisileyo kwaye ivutha ngedangatye elingenambala.Ayinatyhefu encinci kune-HFP.
Iipropati zeChlorotrifluoroethylene
I-Chlorotrifluoroethylene yigesi engenambala kubushushu begumbi kunye noxinzelelo.Inetyhefu ngokufanelekileyo nge-LC50 (impuku) ekutyhilekeni kweyure ezi-4 kunye noxinzelelo lwe-4000 ppm.Inokushisa okubalulekileyo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-105.8 C kunye ne-4.03 MPa.Ioksijini kunye ne-CTFE yolwelo iyasabela kwaye yenze iiperoxide kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi.Inani leemveliso ezine-oxygen, ezifana ne-chlorodifluoroacetylfluoride, ziveliswa yi-oxidation ye-CTFE.Ukusabela okufanayo kunokwenzeka kwi-photochemically kwisigaba somphunga.I-Chlorotrifluoroethylene oxide yimveliso ephuma kule reaction.Iiperoxides zisebenza njengabaqalisi bepolymerization ye-CTFE, enokuthi yenzeke ngobundlobongela.
Iipropati zeVinylidene Fluoride
IVinylidene fluoride, (CH2¼CF2), [49] inokutsha kwaye iyirhasi kubushushu begumbi.Ayinambala kwaye iphantse ukuba ayinavumba kwaye iyabila kwi-84 C. I-VDF inokwenza imixube eqhumayo kunye nomoya.I-polymerization yale gesi iyingozi kakhulu kwaye yenzeke ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa elibalulekileyo kunye noxinzelelo.
Iipropati zeVinyl Fluoride
I-Vinyl fluoride (75-02-5) (i-fluoroethene) yigesi engenambala kwiimeko ezingqongileyo.Inokutsha emoyeni phakathi kwemida ye-2.6 kunye ne-22% ngomthamo.Ubuncinci bobushushu bokutshisa i-VF kunye nemixube yomoya yi-400 C. Ukongeza umyinge wokulandelela (<0.2%) we-terpenes uyasebenza ukukhusela i-polymerization ezenzekelayo ye-VF.I-VF evinjiweyo iye yahlelwa njengegesi evuthayo yiSebe lezoThutho lase-US.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-10-2018