Emva kokuba i-polymer inyibilikisiwe, ixutywe kwaye ixinzelelwe kwi-extruder, iphonswa nge-extrusion die ukuze iqhubeke ibunjwa (emva kokupholisa kunye nokuqina) kwimveliso yokugqibela.Ezona ndidi zixhaphakileyo zokufa zisicaba, i-annular kunye ne-proŽle.Iimveliso ezenziwe nge-extrusion zibandakanya umbhobho, iityhubhu, ukutyabeka ngocingo, iibhotile zeplastiki, iifilim zeplastiki kunye namaphepha, iingxowa zeplastiki, ukugquma iphepha kunye nefoyile, iŽ bres, Ž laments, yarns, tapes kunye noluhlu olubanzi lweeproŽfiles.
I-polymer extrusion ngokusebenzisa i-dies inento efanayo kwi-extrusion eshushu yeentsimbi.Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho umahluko obalulekileyo.Kwi-extrusion yensimbi izinto zityhalwa phambili ngenkunzi yegusha, ngelixa kwi-polymer extrusion izinto eziqhubekayo zibonelelwa nge-screw ejikelezayo.Kwi-extrusion yensimbi eshushu amaqondo okushisa avela kwi-340 ° C kwi-magnesium ukuya kwi-1325 ° C yentsimbi, kunye noxinzelelo oluhambelanayo luvela kwi-35 ukuya kwi-700 MPa.1 5 Kwi-polymer extrusion amaqondo okushisa anqabile ukuba adlule i-350 ° C, kwaye uxinzelelo aludli. yiya kakhulu ngaphezulu kwe-50 MPa kwincam yesijija.Isigaba esiqinileyo se-extrusion yeepolymers siye saphuhliswa ukuveliswa kwemveliso ethile yamandla aphezulu.Kubushushu obuphantsi, i-molecular orientation enikezelwa ngokunyanzeliswa kwezinto ngokufa kwe-shaping ihlala kwi-extrudate.I-Solid state polymer extrusion ineemfaniso ezithile kwi-extrusion ebandayo yesinyithi.
Ifilimu evuthelweyo ye-extrusion yeyona nkqubo ibalulekileyo yokuveliswa kweefilimu zeplastiki ezicekethekileyo ezivela kwi-polyethylenes.Ipolima etyhidiweyo ikhutshwe nge-annular die (eqhelekile yokwakhiwa kwe-spiral mandrel) ukuze yenze ityhubhu ebhityileyo ebiyelweyo ethi ngaxeshanye izotywe nge-axially kwaye yandiswe ngeradially.Kwiimeko ezininzi iqamza lefilim elivuthelweyo lenziwa ngokuthe nkqo ukuya phezulu.Ubuninzi be-bubble diameter budla ngokuba ngama-1.2 - 4 amaxesha amakhulu kunomlinganiselo wokufa.Ukunyibilika okushushu kupholiswa yimijelo ye-annular yomoya ohamba ngesantya esiphezulu osuka kumakhonkco omoya angaphandle, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwakhona usuka kubasasazi bomoya bangaphakathi.I-solidiŽ ed Žfilm idlula kwifreyimu ecinezela umphezulu weqamza kwaye ithathwe ngeerola.Iifilimu ze-Coextruded ezine-3 - 8 layers (ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kwi-11) nazo ziveliswa yile nkqubo, ukuze zisetyenziswe ekupakisheni ukutya.
Ifilimu yeCast kunye ne-sheet extrusion ibandakanya ukukhutshwa kwepolymer kwi-diye kunye nokuvuleka okubanzi (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 m), kwirola yentsimbi ebandayo okanye iirola ezicima kwaye ziqinise imathiriyeli etyhidiweyo.Umboniso bhanyabhanya ngokubanzi uchazwa njengemveliso ebhityileyo kuno-0.25 mm, ngelixa iphepha lijiyile kunale. Inkqubo yefilimu eyi-cast isetyenziselwa ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo kwefilimu e-thinŽ, okanye i-resins ye-viscosity ephantsi.Uninzi lwee-flat ezifayo zezoyilo lwe-T slot okanye i-coathanger, equlathe ukuphindaphindeka kokusasaza ipholima ejikelezayo kububanzi bokufa, ilandelwa ezantsi ngokutshintshwa komjelo omxinwa kunye novulekileyo ukudala ukuhanjiswa okufunwayo kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo.Uninzi lwemigca yefilim eveliswayo namhlanje yimigca edibeneyo, edibanisa iileya ukusuka kwi-extruder ezisixhenxe ukuya kwimveliso ngokufa okuphindaphindiweyo, okanye ubuninzi obuphindwe kabini bufa ngoncedo lweebhloko zesondlo.
Kwi-Žfilm extrusion, iireyithi zokucheba kwi-die lips zihlala ziyi-103 s21.Xa uxinzelelo lokucheba eludongeni ludlula ixabiso elithile (ngokuqhelekileyo i-0.14 MPa kumaphepha ophando, aphezulu kwishishini ngoncedo lwezongezelelo), umphezulu we-extrudate ulahlekelwa yigloss ngenxa ye-sharkskin melt fracture phenomenon.I-Sharkskin inokuchazwa njengolandelelwano lwee-ridges. ebonakalayo kwiliso lenyama, i-perpendicular ukuya kwicala lokuhamba.
Umbhobho kunye netyhubhu extrusion ibandakanya ukumpompa ipholima enyibilikisiweyo ngokusebenzisanannulardie, elandelwa ukuba imveliso ekhutshiweyo, ngelixa itsalwayo, idlule kwivacuum sizer apho ifikelela kwimilinganiselo yayo yokugqibela.Oku kulandelwa sisitshizi okanye ukuntywiliselwa ukupholisa nokusikwa kubude obumiselweyo.Umbhobho wobubanzi ukuya kwi-2 m okanye ngaphezulu wenziwa yile nkqubo, kunye ne-tubing ene-diameters ukusuka kwi-10 mm ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-1 mm.I-annular dies iqhelekile yoyilo lwesigcawu okanye i-spiral mandrel.
Kwiinkqubo zokugubungela ucingo kunye nentambo, iingcingo zomntu ngamnye okanye iindibano zocingo zitsalwa ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu nge-crosshead die, kwii-angles ezifanelekileyo kwi-extruder axis.Kwi-extrusion yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-polymer inyibilika idibana nocingo okanye intambo ngaphambi kokuphuma kwe-die, umzekelo ukugquma kweengcingo zomntu ngamnye.Kwi-extrusion yoxinzelelo oluphantsi, inyibilika idibana nekhebula emva kokuphuma kwefa, umzekelo ukufakwa kwejacket yeendibano zeentambo ezigqunyiweyo.Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu okucheba ahlala edibana kule nkqubo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-106 s2 1) kunye ne-resins ye-viscosity ephantsi iyasetyenziswa.
IproŽfile extrusion yinkqubo yokuvelisa esetyenziselwa imveliso yecandelo elinqamlezayo elingaguqukiyo.Ezi zinokususela kwiimilo ezilula ukuya kwiiprofayile ezintsonkothileyo ezinamagumbi amaninzi kunye neminwe yeŽ.Imizekelo ukusuka kulwakhiwo lwesakhelo somfanekiso, ukuya kwisiyingi semoto, ukuya kungqameko lweetafile zetafile, ukuya kwimigca yefestile.Iimathiriyeli ezikhutshiweyo zihlelwa (ngokurhabaxa) njengento eqinileyo okanye enokunwebeka.Umgca we-extrusion oqhelekileyo we-proŽle uquka i-extruder yokumpompa i-polymer ngokusebenzisa i-proŽle die, ilandelwa yitanki yokulinganisa okanye i-calibrator, iinqwelo zokupholisa ezongezelelweyo, i-draller kunye nesixhobo sokusika.Uyilo lwenkangeleko luyafa lufuna amava kunye nomonde. Ukuthintelwa kwemveliso kwiprofayili extrusion kuhlangatyezwana nayo ngenxa yesikhumba sikakrebe (kwiimveliso ezibhityileyo eziveliswe ngeepholima eziphezulu ze-viscosity) okanye ukukwazi ukupholisa iimveliso ezinodonga olungqindilili.Umbhobho wePolymer kunye neproŽfile extrusion ifana ne-extrusion eshushu yesinyithi ukwenzela ukuveliswa kweemilo eziqhubekayo ezingenanto zezinto ezinjenge-bar.Nangona kunjalo, umfuziselo wezibalo wezi nkqubo zesinyithi usekwe ikakhulu kwi-elastic-flow hypotheses.
Kwi-melt spinner, i-polymer etyhidiweyo ihamba ngee-capillaries ezininzi kwi-spinneret (ukuya kwi-1000).Ipolymer ihanjiswa phantsi koxinzelelo ngempompo yegiya yokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo, emva kokudlula kwi-Ž lter elandela i-extruder.Ekuphumeni kwee-capillaries, i-Ž iyakhala iyancipha kwi-diameter efunwayo.Ukuveliswa kwee-Žfibres ezibhityileyo kakhulu, inkqubo yokunyibilika iyasetyenziswa.Kule nkqubo i-Ž bres ithotywa ngamandla okutsala aqhutywa yijethi yomoya yesantya esiphezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-19-2017